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  • ElBaradei says 'Egypt will explode'

    Update 6:15 p.m. ET: "People are very angry," ElBaradei said in an interview on CNN, insisting that Mubarak and Vice President Omar Suleiman must step aside because "people have lost confidence in them."

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    Mohamed ElBaradei, whom many regard as the leading opposition figure in Egypt, has taken to Twitter to denounce President Hosni Mubarak's speech:

     

  • Mubarak speech surprises U.S.

    Update 5:29 p.m. ET: The White House reporters' pool traveling on Air Force One with President Barack Obama passes along that Obama watched Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak's speech during the flight back to Washington and was to convene a meeting with his national security advisers once he had returned to the White House.

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    U.S. sources closely involved in the government's handling of the Egyptian crisis told NBC News that they were "taken by surprise" by Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak's announcement and that it appears "Mubarak is going nowhere."

    The officials told NBCs Jim Miklaszewski that they were especially concerned about Mubarak's apparent declaration that he would "federalize the streets." They said, however, that their reaction was based on an initial translation of Mubarak's remarks.

    "We have assurances, both private and public, that the military would not fire on the people," one of the officials stressed.

  • 'He just lit the final fuse'

    Rep. Gary Ackerman, D-N.Y., chairman of the Foreign Affairs subcommittee on the Middle East and South Asia, called Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak's address "a sadistic tease" and predicted that demonstrations could turn violent.
     
    "He just lit the final fuse," Ackerman said in an interview on MSNBC TV.  "And now I think the situation is going to verge on the explosive over the next 24 hours."

    Listen to Ackerman's comments: 

    Rep. Gary Ackerman, D-N.Y., expresses shock over President Hosni Mubarak's speech, calling it a "sadistic" move.

  • Suleiman asks Egyptians for support

    Watch Vice President Omar Suleiman's speech.

    Vice President Omar Suleiman has addressed the nation: "What the president has announced today reaffirms he is standing by the side of the people."

    Suleiman confirmed that President Hosni Mubarak had transferred presidential powers for security to him. He asked all Egyptians "to contribute to reaching the goal" of peace and stability, according to an MSNBC TV translation.


    "I have no doubt the Egyptian people are capable of defending their interests," he says.

    Suleiman also asked Egyptians to ignore foreign news reports and TV channels and to return to their daily lives for the better good of thre nation, saying: "Go back to your homes. Go back to your jobs."

     

  • March to palace being organized

    Disappointed by Mubarak's speech, protesters remained steadfast and vowed not to stand down until Mubarak does. NBC's Chapman Bell reports.

    President Hosni Mubarak's address was not well-received in Tahrir Square. NBC News' Richard Engel reports that protesters are trying to organize a march to the presidential palace. Some protesters, he said, are already heading toward the state television building, which was largely evacuated earlier in the day.

    Even as Mubarak's speech was still being aired, loud, angry chants could be heard from the thousands gathered in the square.

  • Mubarak says he's staying but hands over some power

    Update 4:14 p.m. ET: Here's the key action passage from Mubarak's address, as translated by MSNBC TV:

    "By confirming the needs of the people, and by putting Egypt first, I will dissolve the upper levels of government effective immediately and hand my power over to my vice president. ... This is a major moment of change."

    Update 4: 06 p.m. ET: Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak defiantly said he "cannot and will not accept to be dictated orders from outside" and would remain until elections in September. At the same time, he declared that while he was keeping the title of president, he had "delegated with the vice president some of the powers of the president, according to the constitution."

    The announcement contradicted reports by many news organizations for several hours — including NBC News — that he was likely to announce his outright resignation.

    Update 4:02 p.m. ET: More defiance: "I will not separate from Egyptian soil until I am buried underneath. ... May God safeguard Egypt ... and guard its people to the rightful path."

    Update 4:01 p.m. ET: Mubaraks is now sounding a defiant note: "The will of the people cannot be dented. Egypt will be back on its feet. We will not allow others to gloat over us. We are not a satellite state being dictated orders by others. We shape our own decisons."

    Update 3:58 p.m. ET: Even as Mubarak's speech is still being aired, loud, angry chants can be heard from the thousands gathered in Tahrir Square.

    Update 3:56 p.m. ET: Mubarak says his top priority is "to facilitate free presidential elections."

    Update 3:50 p.m. ET: Mubarak says, "I remain adamant to continue to shoulder my responsibility" until elections in September, saying, "I cannot and will not accept to be dictated orders from outside."

    Update 3:48 p.m. ET: President Hosni Mubarak tells Egyptian protesters that he takes "great pride in you as a new generation ... shaping the future." 

    "I will hold accountable those who committed crimes against our youth," he says. He has not yet addressed his own future.

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    Watch President Hosni Mubarak's address live.

  • Mubarak could leave with $2 billion

    If Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak is forced into exile, he is likely to have access to billions in assets. But if Egypt's successor government tries to recover any of it, it will have a hard time if history is any judge, NBC News investigative producer Robert Windrem reports on msnbc.com's Open Channel investigative blog:

    Estimates circulated inside the U.S. government, developed by various agencies, put  Mubarak’s wealth at between $2 billion and $3 billion.  How much of that total is outside of Egypt, and in what form, is uncertain. How much is recoverable is an even smaller fraction. ...

    “The initial numbers are often very overblown,” says [Nick] Peck [of Nardello & Co., who worked with Kroll Associates when it was hired by Kuwait to track Saddam Hussein’s wealth]. “Often suspect in terms of how much the official has.”

    Officials say historically most of the assets controlled by dictators remains within their home countries. Peck pointed to a stash of millions of dollars in cash and gold bars found hidden underground in Iraq following the war.

  • Report: Mubarak to transfer power

    Update 3:32 p.m. ET: More from Al Arabiya, according to Reuters: Mubarak confirms he will not run for another presidential term and will transfer powers to Vice President Omar Suleiman.

    Update 3:27 p.m. ET: Reuters is citing a report on the Middle East channel Al Arabiya that says Mubarak will declare that he does not "accept orders from outside."

    Update 3:25 p.m. ET: We're still awaiting Mubarak's speech. NBC News' Richard Engel notes that his previous addresses have also been delayed.

    Update 3:03 p.m. ET: Reuters issues a new report quoting Information Minister Anas el Fekky as saying Mubarak "is definitely not going to step down." Reuters issued a similar bulletin quoting el Fekky several hours ago, before widespread reports appeared to firm up that Mubarak was likely to stand down.

    Update 2:34 p.m. ET: In a major shift, Egyptian state television is now showing live video of the demonstrations in Tahrir Square ahead of Mubarak's speech. The Guardian calls it "an abrupt change from the pro-regime footage it had been showing in recent days, including interviews with supposed 'protesters' who made wild claims of US and Mossad involvement." 

    Al Jazeera's English service, meanwhile, is also noting on air that thare's been a big change in the tone of state TV coverage.

    Updated 2:07 p.m. ET: Al Jazeera, quoting Egyptian government officials, matches NBC's report, saying Mubarak will speak at 3 p.m. ET.

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    President Hosni Mubarak's announcement is now expected in the next hour, NBC News' Charlene Gubash reports from Cairo, citing a senior intelligence source.

  • 'We are witnessing history unfold'

    Update 1:39 p.m. ET: "We are witnessing history unfold," President Barack Obama tells supporters in Michigan.

    "America will continue to do everything we can to support an orderly and peaceful transition to democracy in Egypt," he said before moving on to previously scheduled remarks promoting his wireless and broadband initiative.

    White House press secretary Robert Gibbs told NBC News that Obama was being careful not to get out ahead of an expected statement by Mubarak.

    Updated 1:29 p.m. ET: The White House says Obama is scheduled to speak at 1:30 p.m. ET but may run a few minutes late.

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    President Barack Obama will make brief remarks on Egypt at the top of his remarks in Marquette, Mich., shortly, White House press secretary Robert Gibbs says.

    Obama is in Michigan to promote his wireless broadband initiative.

  • Updated: Police pull back; palace sealed off

    Update 12:54 p.m. ET: Eyewitnesses say Mubarak's residence is also being sealed off by tanks, troops and razor wire, NBC News' Charlene Gubash reports from Cairo.

    Update 12:50 p.m. ET: The presidential palace is being sealed off, Engel reports.

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    Police have been pulled back from Tahrir Square to "prepare for any scenario" when and if President Hosni Mubarak makes an announcement about his future tonight, NBC News' Richard Engel reports from Cairo.

    Engel quotes a top military analyst as saying the meeting of the Higher Council of the Armed Forces, Egypt's supreme military body, is particularly significant, especially as it gathered without Mubarak.

    The council has met only two times before — during the 1967 Six-Day War and then during the 1973 Arab-Israeli war.

  • LIVE VIDEO: Protesters in Tahrir Square

    LIVE VIDEO — Crowds of protesters gather in Cairo's Tahrir Square.

    Tens or perhaps hundreds of thousands of people have jammed Tahrir Square in Cairo awaiting President Hosni Mubarak's expected resignation. The crowds have been emobldened by comments by Gen. Hassan al-Roueini, military commander of the Cairo area, who told them that "all your demands will be met today."

    The protesters lifted al-Roueini onto their shoulders and carried him around the square, shouting, "the army, the people one hand."

    Click the video at the top to watch the demonstrations live.

  • State TV: Mubarak, Suleiman meeting

    Update 12:33 p.m. ET: Prime Minister Ahmed Shafiq was also in the meeting with Mubarak and Suleiman, Engel reports.

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    NBC News' Richard Engel reports that state TV just broke in to its programming with an announcement that President Hosni Mubarak is meeting with Vice President Omar Suleiman. Mubarak will make a live address sometime later today, it said, offering no details.

    The meeting comes as the Higher Council of the Armed Forces, Egypt's supreme military body, is meeting and has issued what is says is the first of what may be multiple statements. NBC News reports that Mubarak, who as president is head of the council, is not a part of the meetings.

    The council said it's in "continuous session to discuss what measures and arrangements could be taken to safeguard the homeland and its achievements, and the aspirations of the great Egyptian people."

    The council made no mention of Mubarak, which NBC News' Richard Engel reports indicates that it is acting on its own.

    The BBC has the full text of the statement here.

  • Updated: Mubarak still in Cairo

    Update 12:05 p.m. ET: NBC News' Richard Engel reports that he has confirmed that Mubarak is still in Cairo.

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    Unanswered in the rush of new information is a firm indication where Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak actually is right now — if he's even in the country at all.

    Egyptian state Nile TV is reporting that Mubarak has left the country and that his statement was recorded Wednesday, according to Sky News. Earlier Mubarak statements are known to have been pre-recorded. 

    The Middle East channel Al-Arabiya, by contrast, is reporting that Mubarak is in the Red Sea resort of Sharm el-Sheikh with his army chief of staff.

    The United States says it knows little more right now than what is being reported publicly.

  • U.S. reacts cautiously to reports

    Update 1:02 p.m. ET: Greeting supporters in Michigan, Obama reacts to the news from Egypt: "We're going to have to wait and see what's going on."

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    The Obama administration is taking a cautious line on reports that Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak is stepping down. 

    CIA Director Leon Panetta said he has "received reports" that Mubarak might possibly step aside, but he stressed that "I have no specific word he would leave."

    Panetta said he didn't know the particulars of how a transition would work, but he said he assumed more power would be turned over to Vice President Omar Suleiman to direct reforms.  

    Aboard Air Force One on its way to an event in Michigan, White House press secretary Robert Gibbs told reporters that President Barack Obama was "watching same thing you are" and that Washington doesn't "want to prejudge what might happen later today."

    "We're watching a very fluid situation," Gibbs said. "We are in contact with our embassy, obviously, in Cairo. ... I do not know the outcome of what today will be."

  • Confirmed: Mubarak to speak tonight

    Egyptian TV has confirmed that it will air an address from President Hosni Mubarak this evening. The time has not been firmed up, NBC News' Charlene Gubash reports from Cairo.

    Reuters quotes Egyptian Information Minister Anas el-Fekky as dismissing the reports Mubarak will step down. "Everything you heard in the media is a rumor," it quoted him as saying.

    Hossam Badrawi, secretary general of Mubarak's ruling National Democratic Party, however, told Britain's Channel 4 that Mubarak would not only would stand aside in a televised address but would hand over power to Vice President Omar Suleiman.

    Aboard Air Force One on its way to an event in Michigan, White House press secretary Robert Gibbs told reporters that President Barack Obama was "watching same thing you are" and that Washington doesn't "want to prejudge what might happen later today."

  • Mubarak: Egypt's $2 billion man

    NBC News’ Robert Windrem

    NEW YORK – Should President Hosni Mubarak indeed step down and leave Egypt, he will not have to worry about his personal finances.

    Estimates circulating inside the U.S. government, developed by several government agencies, put Mubarak's wealth at more than $2 billion.

    Previous reports that he controlled $70 billion have been dismissed by U.S. officials who noted if that was the case, he would be the wealthiest man in the world.

  • Essentially a military coup?

    Update 12 p.m. ET: The BBC has the full text of the communiqué here.

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    By Charlene Gubash, NBC News producer 

    CAIRO - What seems to be happening in Egypt now is essentially a military coup, according to the director of a leading think tank.

    The head of the High Military Council is President Hosni Mubarak, yet the Military Council has met in his absence.

    They have made a first statement that the military will take the actions necessary to protect the Egyptian people and are in a permanent meeting.

    They are expected to make a second statement about the situation soon.

  • NBC: Mubarak to step down tonight

    President Hosni Mubarak to step down as Egypt's leader Thursday evening; Vice President Omar Suleiman to take over, two separate sources tell NBC News. See NBC's Richard Engel's report above.

     

  • 'I have come here to see the new birth of Egypt'

    By Yuka Tachibana, NBC News Producer
    CAIRO – Among the thousands of protesters who were back at Tahrir Square Wednesday morning was electrical engineer Mohammad Hassan, walking hand in hand with his two children.
     
    Hassan said he had never taken part in any kind of political protest until he saw what was happening in Tahrir Square. Wednesday was his third visit.

    Yuka Tachibana / NBC News

    The Hassan family, Mariyam, Mohammad, and Hassan Ahmad, visit Tahrir Square on Wednesday.

    Despite last week’s violence, he said the square was now safe enough to come with his children. 

    Like his fellow protesters, Hassan said he was fed up with the corruption and injustice. “We must create a new Egypt for our children,” he said.


    Earlier in the morning, his daughter Mariyam, 11, recited a poem mourning those who lost their lives during the violence at the square last week.

    And his son, Hassan Ahmad, 13, pulled out a handwritten message in English which he read to me: “Egypt is the most beautiful nation in the world with the best people in the world … I have come here to see the new birth of Egypt and I want for my country, for our future, to be best by freedom, develop and democracy.” (See a short video of his speech above).

    Despite the hundreds of thousands of people who have traipsed through this square over the last 16 days of protests and the hundreds who stay through the night in their makeshift tents, there is order in the square.

    Yuka Tachibana / NBC News

    Mariyam Hassan, 11, visits Cairo's Tahrir Square with her father and brother on Wednesday.

    Garbage is collected regularly – trash bins are marked for organic and non-organic waste – and street cleaners have been sweeping the square. There are first aid centers where protesters can have their cuts and bruises looked after and there is even a well-organized lost-and-found center. 

    The atmosphere is jovial. Like the Hassan family, there were hundreds of other families with young children, some joining in the chants and marches, others simply strolling through the square.

    Hassan said he and the kids were going to listen to the speeches.

    But they were also going to stay and have lunch at the square – there are certainly plenty of food stalls to choose from – and simply enjoy the day.

  • Time up for Berlusconi?

    By NBC News' Claudio Lavanga

    ROME – After months of speculation over the involvement of Italy’s Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi in a prostitution ring made up of television starlets, runaway minors and social climbers, Italian investigators have formally requested a speedy and immediate trial for the embattled leader.

    Investigators say the evidence that he paid for sex with an under-age Moroccan belly-dancer and used his influence to secure her release from police custody last May is so strong that they want to skip preliminary hearings and try him as soon as possible.

    The decision by prosecutors came after details of the investigation, leaked to the media, have thrown Berlusconi’s government and his character into disrepute. The scandal has caused an uproar among Italian women, who organized demonstrations last Sunday against the culture of “sex for favors,” for which they say Berlusconi, 74, is partly to blame. 

    Wiretapped phone conversations between some of Berlusconi’s house guests – sexy television starlets, suspected prostitutes, would-be stars, a faithful newscaster and a greedy talent scout – are meant to prove that the prime minister showered women with expensive  presents in exchange of sexual favors. While such behavior would have been at the very least inappropriate for a prime minister, it became a crime when it was revealed that one of the “party-goers” was a minor. In Italy, it's illegal to pay for sex with a woman under the age of 18.


    Prosecutors claim that Karima El Mahroug, better known as “Ruby the Heart-Stealer,” had sex with Berlusconi when she was 17 years old. A previously unknown runaway belly-dancer born in Morocco, she became a household name last December when it was revealed Berlusconi took the trouble to personally secure her release from police custody by falsely claiming she was the daughter of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. 

    And yet to the amazement of his allies and the demise of his critics, the scandal-prone prime minister’s popularity among voters was only slightly dented, and his political survival contributed to reinforce his aura of invincibility. His unparalleled ability to find last-minute support and reassure his allies about the stability of his government have made sure he survived a n¬¬¬¬umber of recent parliamentary sessions widely seen as votes of confidence.

    Opposition politicians who were hoping Berlusconi would be ditched by an already divided coalition, and the thousand of Italians who in the last few days demonstrated across the country under the common slogan “Italy is not a brothel,” will now rest their hopes in the prosecutors.

    Berlusconi’s lawyers say he did nothing improper and that prosecutors are actually “violating the constitutional norms.”

    Italian judges now have five days to consider the prosecutors’ request to indict Berlusconi for an immediate trial – a decision that might seal the prime minister’s fate and Italy’s political future.

    For more on the Berlusconi scandal, click here: Naked Emperor: One sex scandal too many for Berlusconi?

  • High farce at the Thai-Cambodian border

    Heng Sinith / AP

    A Cambodian Buddhist monk walks toward the Cambodia's 11th century Hindu Preah Vihear temple on Tuesday.

    BANGKOK, Thailand – It’s not so much High Noon as High Farce at the Thai-Cambodia border.

    The current border spat would be almost laughable if it were not for the suffering it’s inflicting on villagers on both sides of the disputed frontier, thousands of whom have been forced from their homes.

    The conflict ostensibly is about the ownership of an 11th century temple called Preah Vihear, described by UNESCO as an “outstanding masterpiece of Khmer architecture.”

    But in reality it has more to do with the sorry state of Thai politics than an ancient Hindu relic.


    Arguing over a 1962 decision
    The area in dispute was quieter Tuesday after four days of skirmishes between the Thai and Cambodian armies that are reported to have killed several people and damaged the very temple they claim to hold so dear.

    Both sides have blamed each other for starting the conflict.

    DAMIR SAGOLJ / Reuters

    A Cambodian soldier polishes his boots at the 11th-century Preah Vihear temple on the border between Thailand and Cambodia on Tuesday.

    The two countries have argued over their border for years, though the World Court was supposed to have put the temple dispute to rest in 1962 when it was awarded to Cambodia.

    Thailand grudgingly accepted the ruling, but the two countries have continued to squabble over land surrounding the temple.

    The spat would probably have remained low key had the issue not been embraced by Thailand's "yellow shirt" nationalist movement, whose more hard line members are demanding Thailand take the temple – and much else – by force.

    ‘Yellow shirts’ take center stage, again
    The yellow shirts are formally known as the People’s Alliance for Democracy (PAD), they are middle-class denizens looking to protect their own interests – a vocal minority in a country where most people are poor farmers.

    They shot to prominence when they led street protests in 2008 that were instrumental to bringing down the then-Thai government (remember the occupation of Bangkok’s airports?).

    The current Thai administration of Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva owes its existence to them, and there are strong links between the yellow shirts and members of his party (the foreign minister is a former yellow shirt supporter).

    In 2008, the yellow shirts were backed by Thailand's royalist elite and the Bangkok middle class. More recently, its influence has waned and the movement has split. The border agitation is being led by a nastier rump, which is organizing fresh anti-government protests – in effect, turning on the government it helped create.

    Heng Sinith / AP

    A Cambodian Buddhist monk, center, stands with other refugees who fled from disputed border, as they sit on roadside about 12 miles east of the famed Preah Vihear temple in Cambodia on Tuesday.

    Even before the current flare-up, the yellow shirts sent their own supporters on provocative incursions across the border.

    The prime minister, though now an object of their scorn, appears unwilling to stand up to them, though their border crusade seems to enjoy little popular support. Instead, he has been upping his own nationalist rhetoric.

    This may be partly realpolitik. The red shirt opposition movement supposedly vanquished in an army crackdown last year is back on the streets with large protests, the size of which have shaken Abhisit and his army backers.

    Elections are due later this year, and Abhisit may think wrapping himself in the flag is a useful electoral tactic.

    Army may flex its muscles
    The army itself is the real power in Thailand, its clout enhanced by last year’s red shirt crackdown. Some 89 people died during the upheaval.

    The royalist yellow shirts have had strong links to the army, which now has a new commander who isn't shy in his contempt for elected politicians.

    It’s significant that the Thai army began an artillery barrage last Friday just as Thailand's foreign minister was sitting down for talks in Cambodia.

    There have been dark murmurings about the possibility of yet another military coup, a "coup to end coups," as one newspaper described it. That's dangerous mumbo-jumbo to most people, but the fact that some are taking it seriously is a sad reflection on Thailand's politics.

    It’s against this background that the border drama is being played out.

    The yellow shirts are threatening to take their protests to the border Friday, though local Thai village leaders have made it known they are not welcome.

    Cambodia waits it out
    Meanwhile, Cambodia’s Prime Minister Hun Sen appears to be enjoying himself. He is a veteran political street-fighter, always happy to pick a fight with his bigger neighbor.

    He is now calling for outside intervention, apparently aware that the weight of international law appears to be with Cambodia.

    Thailand has often been applauded for its deft and low key diplomacy. Not this time, and the kingdom risks being labeled as a petulant regional bully, its prime minister in thrall to yellow-shirted extremists and an unaccountable army.

  • Feinstein: We got no warning

    Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., chairwoman of the Senate Intelligence Committee, tells NBC's Andrea Mitchell the intelligence community has to do a better job monitoring Twitter, Facebook and other "open-source" intelligence.

    Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., chairwoman of the Intelligence Committee, says the intelligence community never warned Congress or President Barack Obama that a potential revolution was brewing in Egypt — partly because it wasn't reading Facebook and Twitter.


    The performance of the intelligence agencies has been debated since Thursday, when Stephanie O'Sullivan, the Obama administration's nominee for principal deputy director of national intelligence, told the committee that they warned the administration of instability in Egypt at the end of last year.

    Several senators on the committee challenged O'Sullivan at the hearing, and in an interview today on MSNBC TV, Feinstein indicated that it wasn't true.

    "There was a good deal of intelligence about Tunisia [but] virtually nothing about Egypt," Feinstein told NBC News' Andrea Mitchell. "So there was, to my knowledge, no real warning, either to the White House or, certainly, to the Senate Intelligence Committee or the Congress."

    She added that even though the protests apparently were organized in public on Web sites and social media platforms, "I don't believe there was any intelligence on what was happening on Facebook or Twitter or the organizational effort to put these protests together."

    But Feinstein hedged a bit when asked whether the episode was an intelligence "failure."

    "I would call it a big intelligence wakeup," she said. "... Open-source material has to become much more significant in the analysis of intelligence."

  • 2 weeks later, activist-mom remains defiant

    By Miranda Leitsinger, msnbc.com reporter

    Amal Sharaf says she has two daughters: her 10-year-old girl and a movement she co-founded in Egypt to remove President Hosni Mubarak from power.

    More than two weeks after the popular revolt swept Egypt, the 36-year-old English teacher, whose name means “hope” in English, remains holed up with her daughter and other organizers of her group, the April 6 Youth Movement, in a human rights center in Cairo.

    The worst day, so far, was last Thursday, when pro-government mobs launched attacks on protesters, members of the media and human rights groups.

    “They attacked the building we are sitting in … and they took some people. They let me go only for the sake of my daughter because she had a nervous breakdown,” the single mother said in a telephone interview.

    The other 20 organizers at the center are professionals like Sharaf, including engineers and journalists. They share a common goal: Mubarak’s immediate departure from power and the implementation of economic and political reforms.

    NBC News

    Amal Sharaf is interviewed at her office in Cairo last week.

    Sharaf spends her days going to see the protests in Tahrir Square, writing on the Internet and sending updates to foreign media. She said the square is full of people of all ages, who get food and blankets from those coming to the area to help. Some sing songs asking for Mubarak to step down, and Sharaf said she saw a wedding take place among the throngs of protesters. “They’re staying, and they’re not leaving until Mubarak departs,” she said.

    Sharaf helped co-found the April 6 movement in 2008, upset by police brutality as well as her belief that the country needed changes to resolve its political and economic problems.

    She said the group called for a protest on this year’s national police holiday on Jan. 25. They were not expecting a large turnout, but the events in Tunisia — where the president was ousted after three weeks of protests — changed that. “People got influenced by what happened in Tunisia … influenced a lot,” she said. “They said they hoped they could make such a thing like Tunisians. So this event helped to gather people.”

    More than 300 dead
    Hundreds of thousands of people have participated in the demonstrations in Egypt, and the United Nations says 300 people may have died so far. Opposition figures have reported little progress in talks with the government.

    Mubarak, 82, has refused calls to end his 30-year rule now, saying he will stay until an election in September — but will not compete in it.

    On Tuesday, Egypt’s newly appointed vice president, Omar Suleiman, said the government had a plan and timetable for the peaceful transfer of power and that there would be no reprisals against protesters for their two-week campaign to eject Mubarak from office.
    "The youth of Egypt deserve national appreciation," Suleiman quoted Mubarak as saying. "They should not be detained, harassed or denied their freedom of expression.”

    Back at the center, Sharaf insists that Mubarak must step down before any negotiations.

    Last week, amid the growing protests, NBC's Richard Engel visited Amal Sharaf's office in Cairo. Click this video for his report.

    She also noted the great risk being taken by members of the protest movement.

    “If it doesn’t go well, we all go to prison, we will be in jail, all of us,” she said, noting that some have already been arrested and injured in the protests.

    Sharaf said her family understood why she was involved, and that she would not give up on their cause.

    Once you get involved in something like this, you can’t leave,” she said. “Once you see that people need your support you never leave them.”

  • Food crisis feared in Egypt, Tunisia

    As hundreds of thousands jam Tahrir Square and Alexandria in protest against the Egyptian government, here are other top developments today:

    New Scientist: Tunisia's government has fallen and Egypt's is facing insurrection — and this could be just the start. Food and economic analysts are warning that these governments could be the first victims of a global food crisis, and others are similarly vulnerable.

    World Blog: Egyptian Vice President Omar Suleiman has ticked off the Obama administration, but the White House is sticking to its position that he's in charge of the transition to a new government that it won't determine.

    World Blog: Wael Ghonim, the Google Middle East/North Africa marketing executive whose detention for a week and a half has emerged as a critical spur to protesters, has returned to Tahrir Square and to a hero's welcome from tens of thousands of Egyptians.

    Al Jazeera: The Egyptian government is reported to have freed 34 political prisoners in a move seen to be part of promised reforms aimed at ending anti-government protests.

    Guardian: Iran's opposition has called for renewed street protests next week on the back of the wave of demonstrations that have swept across the Middle East.

    CBC: Egypt's central bank moved to halt a drop in the country's currency, bankers said Tuesday, while the country's stock exchange introduced rules aimed at heading off potentially steep losses when it reopens next week.

    World Blog: The Pew Center has come out with a new poll asking Americans about the crisis in Egypt, and it's clear they're not thinking about it a great deal. About half of Americans — 52 percent — report having heard little or nothing about the demonstrations, according to the poll of 1,385 adults, which was conducted Wednesday through Monday.

  • U.S. slaps down Suleiman

    Egyptian Vice President Omar Suleiman has ticked off the Obama administration, but the White House is sticking to its position that he's in charge of the transition to a new government that it won't determine.

    White House press secretary Robert Gibbs made it clear at his daily briefing for reporters that the administration strongly disagrees with Suleiman's contention that Egypt isn't ready for democracy, calling them "particularly unhelpful comments." In the language of diplomacy, that's a major slam.

    In case anyone doubted what that meant, Gibbs declared: "I speak for the president of the United States."

    He went on to say, however, that disputes like that "can't be arbitrated by us."

    "That's going to be determined by the reaction in Cairo and by the people," he said.

    Gibbs also reiterated that the government must stop arresting protesters and journalists as a way to prove its commitment to "these important, real changes that demonstrate progress for the people."

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